{"id":627,"date":"2024-11-24T22:08:45","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T06:08:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/?page_id=627"},"modified":"2024-11-24T22:12:32","modified_gmt":"2024-11-25T06:12:32","slug":"participating-in-a-net","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/?page_id=627","title":{"rendered":"Net Guide"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"page-title\">Participating in a Net<\/h1>\n<div class=\"tabs\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"region region-content\">\n<div id=\"block-system-main\" class=\"block block-system clearfix\">\n<div class=\"content\">\n<article id=\"node-160\" class=\"node node-page clearfix\">\n<header><\/header>\n<div class=\"content\">\n<div class=\"field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\">\n<h2><strong>QST\u00a0\u00a0QST\u00a0\u00a0QST<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>What is a net anyway?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>A net is a group of ham radio operators having a conversation\u00a0\u201con<br \/>\nthe air.\u201d\u00a0 They may be formal or informal, directed or<br \/>\nad-hoc (rag chew) and may meet\u00a0at a prescribed time on a<br \/>\nspecific frequency or pop up spontaneously.\u00a0\u00a0Nets often<br \/>\nhave a theme or purpose.\u00a0\u00a0Some are all business and<br \/>\nothers are purely social. Other nets meet regularly on the VOIP,<br \/>\nVHF, UHF and HF bands.\u00a0\u00a0Each has its own guidelines<br \/>\nfor participation.\u00a0\u00a0Often, all you need to do is listen<br \/>\nto the net in progress to get an idea how it operates.<\/p>\n<p>The local nets in the North Pole \/ Fairbanks area are mostly<br \/>\nsocial in nature. \u00a0Certain nets\u00a0such as traffic nets,<br \/>\npublic service events\u00a0or Skywarn, however, are more formal<br \/>\nand focused on a specific purpose.<\/p>\n<p>Nets have a net control operator who moderates the conversation<br \/>\nduring a net.\u00a0\u00a0The net control operator opens the net,<br \/>\nprovides the day and time of the net, the frequency, PL tone and<br \/>\n(positive or negative) offset when conducted through a repeater<br \/>\nand explains the general purpose or topic of the net.\u00a0The net<br \/>\ncontrol operator will ask for ham radio operators (or stations) to<br \/>\ncheck in.\u00a0\u00a0Net control will specify the information<br \/>\nneeded for check in.\u00a0Generally, check ins are\u00a0limited to<br \/>\nbasic information such as call sign and location.\u00a0\u00a0Once<br \/>\neveryone is checked in, the net control operator will call each<br \/>\nstation that checked in and invite them into the topic of<br \/>\ndiscussion. \u00a0Rag chews don&#8217;t have a net control operator but<br \/>\noften have regular participants.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Here are some phrases you are likely to hear on the<br \/>\nAlaska Morning Net net:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u201cIs there any emergency or priority traffic?\u201d<br \/>\n<\/strong>Some net control operators ask for emergency or<br \/>\npriority traffic before proceeding with the net. \u00a0Net control<br \/>\nis not generally expecting to hear any emergency traffic, however,<br \/>\nthis statement serves as a reminder that emergency traffic always<br \/>\ntakes priority over net traffic.\u00a0\u00a0A net may be<br \/>\ninterrupted for emergency or priority traffic.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u201cThis is a directed net, please pass all traffic<br \/>\nthrough net control\u201d:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Each station (radio<br \/>\noperator) directs his or her comments to net control.\u00a0\u00a0If<br \/>\nwishing to contact another station, for example, tell net control,<br \/>\n\u201cI would like to contact &lt;call sign&gt; \u00a0about<br \/>\n&lt;topic&gt;.\u201d\u00a0\u00a0Net control usually grants permission<br \/>\nwith \u201cCall your station\u201d or provides some other instruction<br \/>\ndepending on where the net discussion is going.\u00a0\u00a0When<br \/>\nthe exchange is finished, say, \u201cback to net control &lt;your<br \/>\ncall sign&gt;.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Go direct&#8221;<\/strong>: \u00a0Some stations<br \/>\nwishing to contact a station directly ask net control for<br \/>\npermission and will say something to the effect, &#8220;I would<br \/>\nlike to go direct with &lt;call sign&gt;&#8221;. This is just a<br \/>\nvariation on the example listed above.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Standing by for check ins or rechecks, please<br \/>\ncome now&#8221;:<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0Throw out your call sign and<br \/>\nother information as requested by net control.\u00a0\u00a0If you<br \/>\nthink of something else to say after you have already had your<br \/>\nturn, add \u201crecheck\u201d to your call sign when net control asks if<br \/>\nthere are any other check ins or rechecks. \u00a0Occasionally one<br \/>\nstation will &#8220;double&#8221; with another when checking in.<br \/>\nThe net control operator often can catch part of someone&#8217;s<br \/>\ncheck in but may need for you to try again. \u00a0Some net control<br \/>\noperators will ask for &#8220;additions or corrections.&#8221;<br \/>\nTry again if need be.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;In &amp; Out&#8221;\u00a0<\/strong>or &#8220;<strong>No<br \/>\nTraffic&#8221;:\u00a0<\/strong>The station has\u00a0nothing to say<br \/>\nand only\u00a0wants to \u201cget on the list.&#8221; \u00a0It&#8217;s<br \/>\nequivalent to saying, &#8220;Hi, I&#8217;m present but just\u00a0listening.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Mobile&#8221;:\u00a0<\/strong>Mobile stations have<br \/>\npriority because they are traveling.\u00a0\u00a0Band conditions<br \/>\nmay change, obstacles (buildings, hills\/terrain, etc) may impede<br \/>\ntransmission or the station may be traveling away from the<br \/>\nrepeater and subsequently, the station might experience a<br \/>\nreduction in signal quality while waiting to be called on<br \/>\notherwise.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Back to net control&#8221;<\/strong>:\u00a0\u00a0The<br \/>\nradio operator indicates to net control that he or she has nothing<br \/>\nfurther to say. \u00a0Remember to include your call sign at the<br \/>\nend of your transmission: \u00a0&#8220;This is &lt;call sign&gt;,<br \/>\nback to net control.&#8221; And yes, net control may pepper you<br \/>\nwith questions which means you are not finished with your<br \/>\ntransmission after all. \u00a0Each time you think you may be<br \/>\nfinished, include your call sign!<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Machine&#8221;<\/strong>:\u00a0\u00a0Some refer to<br \/>\nthe repeater as a machine, computer, hotspot, node.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;I\u2019m going to let this drop&#8221;<\/strong>:\u00a0\u00a0Either<br \/>\nnet control or a net participant will say this and release the mic<br \/>\nbutton long enough for the radio and\/or the repeater to reset so<br \/>\nthat the transmission does not time out.\u00a0\u00a0This phrase<br \/>\ntells everyone that the radio operator has more to say.\u00a0\u00a0Some<br \/>\nof us can be long winded and might otherwise time out the<br \/>\nrepeater.\u00a0\u00a0Take a breath once in a while and let your<br \/>\ntransmission drop if your monologue goes on for more than a few<br \/>\nminutes!<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;73&#8221;<\/strong>: \u00a0Best regards. \u00a0It<br \/>\nis pronounced &#8220;seven three&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;Full quieting&#8221;<\/strong>: \u00a0Perfect<br \/>\nsignal, no noise or static in your transmission!<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8220;I&#8217;m on QR-Zulu&#8221;<\/strong>: \u00a0This is a<br \/>\nreference to QRZ.com, a ham radio website.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Tips &amp; Tricks\u200b<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Have a pen and paper (better yet a notebook) handy so you<br \/>\ncan jot down the call signs of check ins. \u00a0This will help<br \/>\nyou learn\u00a0the local ham community. \u00a0Plus, using a<br \/>\nnotebook is a way to record helpful information for future<br \/>\nreference.<\/li>\n<li>If you are feeling adventurous, go to QRZ.com and set up a<br \/>\nfree account. \u00a0This is a wonderful website for hams to<br \/>\nlook one another up by call sign. \u00a0Many hams are not<br \/>\nwilling to give their email addresses over the air but will<br \/>\nlist an email address on QRZ. \u00a0It&#8217;s a great way to follow<br \/>\nup with a ham following a net.<\/li>\n<li>It&#8217;s good practice to use the correct phonetic spelling of<br \/>\nyour call sign and name. \u00a0Local band conditions on 2<br \/>\nmeter and 70 centimeter do not usually require stations to<br \/>\ndeviate from the standard phonetic alphabet. \u00a0It&#8217;s more<br \/>\ncommon to find hams using alternate phonetic spellings of\u00a0call<br \/>\nsigns when HF band conditions are poor (i.e. zulu and juliet<br \/>\nmay sound too much alike when there is a lot of static in the<br \/>\ntransmission).<\/li>\n<li>Ham radio operators do not use citizen band (CB) lingo.<br \/>\nWe do not use ten-codes (10-4), nor do we have<br \/>\n&#8220;handles.&#8221; \u00a0We use our call signs along with<br \/>\nour\u00a0first names. \u00a0Take a look at\u00a0<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/svrc.org\/become-a-ham.html\">helpful\u00a0terminology<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>to<br \/>\nlearn\u00a0ham radio terms. \u00a0Save the &#8220;good<br \/>\nbuddy&#8221; language for the Smokey and the Bandit crowd on<br \/>\nCB.<\/li>\n<li>Don&#8217;t worry about mangling someone&#8217;s call sign. \u00a0We&#8217;ve<br \/>\nall done it, and the ham community is quite forgiving on this.\u00a0Eventually<br \/>\nyou will learn the\u00a0call signs of local hams by heart and<br \/>\nwill have no trouble with them.<\/li>\n<li>When you are mobile, just skip the pen and paper. \u00a0Your<br \/>\npriority is to drive safely.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Technical Difficulties?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Even seasoned operators experience technical difficulties with<br \/>\ntransmissions from time to time. \u00a0Here are some common<br \/>\nproblems and possible solutions:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>You hit the PTT (push to talk) button and transmit<br \/>\nbut no one seems to be able to hear you. \u00a0<\/strong>It&#8217;s<br \/>\nnothing personal. \u00a0It&#8217;s a good idea to request a signal<br \/>\nreport prior to the start of the net to check your radio<br \/>\nsettings.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>If participating in a net using a repeater, check your<br \/>\nPL tone,\u00a0offset and shift direction. \u00a0Programming<br \/>\nthe tones and offsets vary by radio brand. \u00a0Feel free<br \/>\nto ask an Elmer for some assistance in setting up the<br \/>\nrepeater frequencies. \u00a0You can also program the local<br \/>\nrepeater tones and offsets using Chirp software: \u00a0a<br \/>\nfree, open-source tool for programming ham radios (chirp.danplanet.com).<\/li>\n<li>Speaking of <strong>offsets<\/strong> and <strong>shift<br \/>\ndirection<\/strong>,\u00a0you will often hear net control<br \/>\ndescribe the offset in a shorthanded manner, i.e., &#8220;postive<br \/>\n(or negative) offset.&#8221; \u00a0Net control assumes that<br \/>\nyou recognize the offset based on the receive frequency.<br \/>\nFor 2 meters, the offset is 600 kHz. For 70<br \/>\ncentimeters, the offset is 5 MHz. \u00a0The <strong>shift<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>direction<br \/>\n<\/strong>is described as positive or negative which means<br \/>\nyou will have to determine whether to add or subtract the<br \/>\noffset to (or from) the receive frequency (RX) to get the<br \/>\ncorrect transmit frequency (TX). \u00a0If this seems<br \/>\nconfusing, a quick shortcut is to download the Repeater<br \/>\nBook phone app into your cell phone. \u00a0This app will<br \/>\nsearch for area repeaters based on your location and give<br \/>\nyou the receive and transmit frequencies as well as the<br \/>\ntones for area repeaters.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>You are told your transmission is weak, nearly<br \/>\nunreadable (scratchy or dropping out) or completely unreadable<br \/>\nbut others on the net can tell you are trying to transmit. <\/strong>\u00a0Net<br \/>\ncontrol will acknowledge the attempt and ask you to try it<br \/>\nagain.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Check your power. \u00a0Often a problem occurs when the<br \/>\nbattery is low.<\/li>\n<li>Check your antenna. \u00a0Hand held radios (often called<br \/>\n&#8220;handy-talkies) may need a better antenna than the<br \/>\nstock rubber duckie antenna. \u00a0Check into a better<br \/>\nantenna such as a J-pole,\u00a0slim jim,\u00a0or a mag-mount<br \/>\nantenna. \u00a0A mag mount antenna on an old steel cookie<br \/>\nsheet is often effective. \u00a0Just make sure it&#8217;s not an<br \/>\naluminum cookie sheet.<\/li>\n<li>Check your location. Sometimes moving a few feet in any<br \/>\ndirection may help.<\/li>\n<li>Speak clearly into the microphone:\u00a0hold it close to<br \/>\nyour mouth but at an angle so that your breath\u00a0does<br \/>\nnot create wind directly into the mic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>You are told your transmission is readable but has a<br \/>\nwhine or buzzing quality.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Are you running a battery charger on your radio at the<br \/>\ntime you are transmitting? \u00a0Charge up the battery,<br \/>\ndisconnect the charger, then participate in the net.<\/li>\n<li>Your mobile radio may have ignition noise or alternator<br \/>\nwhine. \u00a0A\u00a0filter may be needed to reduce radio<br \/>\nfrequency interference (RFI).<\/li>\n<li>Mobile transmission is &#8220;picket fencing&#8221; which<br \/>\nmay occur while moving in an area that causes multi-path<br \/>\ninterference (tall buildings for example). Driving away<br \/>\nfrom\u00a0downtown areas can improve your signal.<\/li>\n<li>You may be too close to a computer or other electronic<br \/>\ndevice. \u00a0Step away from\u00a0electronics. \u00a0A<br \/>\nchoke filter may also help.<\/li>\n<li>SWR (standing wave ratio)\u00a0may be too high. \u00a0Check<br \/>\nyour outside dual band antenna for loose connections<br \/>\nand\/or rain water soaking the inside of the antenna. This<br \/>\nproblem demands your immediate attention;\u00a0excess SWR<br \/>\ncan damage\u00a0your radio.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Other net participants may offer to check your<br \/>\nsignal &#8220;on reverse.&#8221; <\/strong>\u00a0This means they<br \/>\nare listening to you on the transmitting frequency through<br \/>\nsimplex. \u00a0This way, they can tell who is trying to hit<br \/>\nthe repeater and may have some suggestions on what you can do<br \/>\nto improve your signal. \u00a0If you still have difficulties,<br \/>\ndon&#8217;t sweat it. \u00a0Try again and then try again. \u00a0Contact<br \/>\nan elmer prior to the next week&#8217;s net to try to resolve the<br \/>\nproblem. \u00a0Success often comes via trial and error.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Good Manners<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Nothing beats being polite on the local nets.\u00a0\u00a0Please<br \/>\nremember the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Scheduled nets do not \u201cown\u201d a frequency or time slot.\u00a0\u00a0However,<br \/>\nif a net control operator joins your conversation in progress<br \/>\nand mentions that a net is due to start soon, please consider<br \/>\nwrapping up your conversation and joining the net.\u00a0\u00a0It\u2019s<br \/>\nnot required, but it\u2019s the polite thing to do.\u00a0\u00a0Some<br \/>\nnets have been meeting regularly for decades.\u00a0\u00a0You<br \/>\nwill have a lot of hams listening to your rag chew and<br \/>\nwondering when you will end the conversation so the net can<br \/>\nstart.<\/li>\n<li>Keep your comments on the net relevant to the topic of the<br \/>\nnet.\u00a0\u00a0That said, social nets are pretty loose and<br \/>\nflexible for discussion topics.<\/li>\n<li>Listen to the net before jumping in. Different net control<br \/>\noperators have different styles.\u00a0When in Rome, do as the<br \/>\nRomans do\u2026<\/li>\n<li>When finished speaking, say\u00a0\u201cback to net control\u201d<br \/>\nso the net control operator knows you are finished.<\/li>\n<li>Avoid controversial topics; be polite.<\/li>\n<li>Thank your net control operator for hosting the net.\u00a0\u00a0Being<br \/>\na net control operator is a commitment of time and resources.<\/li>\n<li>Be willing to try <strong>hosting<br \/>\nthe net<\/strong> if the regular net control operator is<br \/>\nunavailable.<\/li>\n<li>Always follow the FCC rules for ham radio operation and<br \/>\nprovide your call sign at the end of your transmission.\u00a0\u00a0But<br \/>\ndon\u2019t be afraid of making a mistake.\u00a0\u00a0The ham<br \/>\ncommunity is very supportive and will help you get it right.<\/li>\n<li>You can join informal rag chews by throwing out your call<br \/>\nsign or saying \u201cinformation\u201d when you have something to<br \/>\nadd to the conversation.\u00a0\u00a0Someone in the rag chew<br \/>\nwill generally acknowledge you when they finish their comment.\u00a0\u00a0This<br \/>\nis not much different than joining a group of people talking<br \/>\naround a table.<\/li>\n<li>When you hear, \u201cI\u2019ll be clear on your final,\u201d the<br \/>\noperator is hoping to get off the radio before another<br \/>\nconversation gets started.\u00a0\u00a0Supper could be waiting.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Participating in a Net QST\u00a0\u00a0QST\u00a0\u00a0QST What is a net anyway? A net is a group of ham radio operators having a conversation\u00a0\u201con the air.\u201d\u00a0 They may be formal or informal, directed or ad-hoc (rag chew) and may meet\u00a0at a prescribed time on a specific frequency or pop up spontaneously.\u00a0\u00a0Nets often&#8230;<\/p>\n<p> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/?page_id=627\"><span>Continue reading<\/span><i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-627","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=627"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":630,"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/627\/revisions\/630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alaskamorningnet.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}